Gender and liver: Is the liver stiffness weaker in weaker sex?

The weaker sex is heterogametic: 75 years of Haldane's rule.

The weaker sex? Exploring lay understandings of gender differences in life expectancy: A qualitative study☆

Despite increasing interest in gender and health, 'lay' perceptions of gender differences in mortality have been neglected. Drawing on semi-structured interview data from 45 men and women in two age cohorts (born in the early 1950s and 1970s) in the UK, we investigated lay explanations for women's longer life expectancy. Our data suggest that respondents were aware of women's increased longevit...

Trauma and violence: are women the weaker sex?

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a response to trauma is repeatedly found to be more common among women than men. This article explores prevalence rates and gender differences. Explanations for this gender bias and examined and the literature on trauma types and resulting PTSD is reviewed. Other disorders that may result from trauma that also have gender biases are considered as a potent...

The Weaker Sex? The Propensity for Male-Biased Piglet Mortality

For the most part solutions to farm animal welfare issues, such as piglet mortality, are likely to lie within the scientific disciplines of environmental design and genetic selection, however understanding the ecological basis of some of the complex dynamics observed between parent and offspring could make a valuable contribution. One interesting, and often discussed, aspect of mortality is the...

Survival of the Weaker

We investigate extinction dynamics in the paradigmatic model of two competing species A and B that reproduce (A → 2A, B → 2B), self-regulate by annihilation (2A → 0, 2B → 0), and compete (A + B → A, A + B → B). For a finite system that is in the well-mixed limit, a quasi-stationary state arises which describes coexistence of the two species. Because of discrete noise, both species eventually be...